CD1D
Description
The CD1D (CD1d molecule) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1.
CD1D is a human gene that encodes the protein CD1d, a member of the CD1 (cluster of differentiation 1) family of glycoproteins expressed on the surface of various human antigen-presenting cells. These proteins are non-classical MHC proteins, related to the class I MHC proteins, and are involved in the presentation of lipid antigens to T cells. CD1d is the only member of the group 2 CD1 molecules. CD1d-presented lipid antigens activate a special class of T cells, known as natural killer T (NKT) cells, through the interaction with the T-cell receptor present on NKT membranes. When activated, NKT cells rapidly produce Th1 and Th2 cytokines, typically represented by interferon-gamma and interleukin 4 production. Some of the known ligands for CD1d are: α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer), α-glucuronyl- and α-galacturonyl- ceramides, iGb3, and HS44. CD1d tetramers are protein constructs composed of four CD1d molecules joined together and usually fluorescently labelled, used to identify NKT cells or other CD1d-reactive cells.
CD1D is also known as CD1A, R3, R3G1.
Associated Diseases
- isolated agammaglobulinemia
- glioblastoma
- common variable immunodeficiency
- familial idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome
- severe combined immunodeficiency due to CARD11 deficiency
- severe combined immunodeficiency due to CTPS1 deficiency
- autosomal systemic lupus erythematosus type 16
- immunodeficiency, common variable, 4
- immunodeficiency 18
