CSNK2B
Description
The CSNK2B (casein kinase 2 beta) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 6.
Casein kinase II subunit beta (CSNK2B) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CSNK2B gene. It is a ubiquitous protein kinase which regulates metabolic pathways, signal transduction, transcription, translation, and replication. The enzyme localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus. Casein kinase, a ubiquitous, well-conserved protein kinase involved in cell metabolism and differentiation, is characterised by its preference for Serine or Threonine in acidic stretches of amino acids. The enzyme is a tetramer of 2 alpha- and 2 beta-subunits. However, some species (e.g., mammals) possess 2 related forms of the alpha-subunit (alpha and alpha'), while others (e.g., fungi) possess 2 related beta-subunits (beta and beta'). The alpha-subunit is the catalytic unit and contains regions characteristic of serine/threonine protein kinases. The beta-subunit is believed to be regulatory, possessing an N-terminal auto-phosphorylation site, an internal acidic domain, and a potential metal-binding motif. The beta subunit is a highly conserved protein of about 25kDa that contains, in its central section, a cysteine-rich motif, CX(n)C, that could be involved in binding a metal such as zinc. The mammalian beta-subunit gene promoter shares common features with those of other mammalian protein kinases and is closely related to the promoter of the regulatory subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase.
The protein CSNK2B is a regulatory subunit of casein kinase II (CK2). As part of the CK2 complex, it regulates the basal catalytic activity of the alpha subunit, a constitutively active serine/threonine-protein kinase that phosphorylates a large number of substrates containing acidic residues C-terminal to the phosphorylated serine or threonine. CSNK2B participates in Wnt signaling.
CSNK2B is also known as CK2B, CK2N, CSK2B, Ckb1, Ckb2, G5A, POBINDS.
