DCP2
Description
The DCP2 (decapping mRNA 2) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 5.
DCP2 is a protein encoded by the DCP2 gene in humans. It is a key component of an mRNA-decapping complex responsible for removing the 5' cap from mRNA, a step preceding its degradation from the 5' end. DCP2 interacts with DCP1A and UPF1.
DCP2 is a decapping metalloenzyme that removes the 7-methyl guanine cap structure from mRNA molecules, producing a 5'-phosphorylated mRNA fragment and 7m-GDP. This process is crucial for mRNA degradation, both in normal mRNA turnover and in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. DCP2 also plays a role in replication-dependent histone mRNA degradation and exhibits higher activity towards mRNAs lacking a poly(A) tail. Notably, DCP2 is inactive towards cap structures lacking an RNA moiety, and its decapping activity is inhibited by the presence of N(6)-methyladenosine methylation at the second transcribed position of mRNAs. Furthermore, DCP2 blocks autophagy under nutrient-rich conditions by repressing the expression of ATG-related genes through degradation of their transcripts.
DCP2 is also known as NUDT20.
Associated Diseases
- lysosomal storage disease
- Griscelli syndrome type 3
- uncombable hair syndrome
- oculocutaneous albinism type 3
