LYPD6B
Description
The LYPD6B (LY6/PLAUR domain containing 6B) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 2.
LYPD6B, also known as Cancer/Testis Antigen 116 (CTA116) and LYPD7, is a member of the lymphocyte antigen 6 (LY6) protein family. It is encoded by the LYPD6B gene and is expressed in the testis, lungs, stomach, prostate, and nervous system. In the nervous system, LYPD6B acts as a modulator of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChRs) activity. The protein is 183 amino acids long with a molecular mass of 20.656 kDa. The LYPD6B gene is located on chromosome 2 in humans. As a member of the Ly-6/uPAR family, the protein contains a disulfide β-structural core and three protruding loops. LYPD6B was first discovered in 2009 and is known as a prototoxin due to its structural similarity to the 3-fingered snake venom proteins α-bungarotoxin and cobratoxin. As a prototoxin, LYPD6B also belongs to the protein family of Ly-6/urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (Ly6/uPAR). It has a 3-fingered motif secondary structure which appears due to the presence of 8–10 cysteine residues that facilitate disulfide bond formation.
LYPD6B likely acts as a modulator of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) activity. It acts on nAChRs in a subtype- and stoichiometry-dependent manner in vitro. Specifically, LYPD6B modulates alpha-3(3):beta-4(2) nAChRs by enhancing sensitivity to acetylcholine (ACh), decreasing ACh-induced maximal current response, and increasing the rate of desensitization to ACh. It has no effect on alpha-7 homomeric nAChRs. LYPD6B also modulates alpha-3(2):alpha-5:beta-4(2) nAChRs in the context of CHRNA5/alpha-5 variant Asn-398, but not its wild-type sequence. However, another report indicates that LYPD6B can weakly inhibit alpha-7 nAChRs in vitro.
LYPD6B is also known as CT116, LYPD7.
Associated Diseases
- plasma fibronectin deficiency
- hypoparathyroidism, familial isolated, 2
- hemochromatosis type 5
- pseudohypoparathyroidism type 2
- congenital lethal erythroderma
- hypermetabolism due to uncoupled mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation 2
- autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets
- hypouricemia, renal, 2
- nephrogenic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis
