MED14
Description
The MED14 (mediator complex subunit 14) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome X.
MED14, encoded by the MED14 gene in humans, is an enzyme involved in the activation of gene transcription. This process is a multistep event initiated by factors that recognize specific enhancer sites in DNA. These factors collaborate with co-activators to direct the initiation of transcription by the RNA polymerase II machinery. MED14 is a subunit of the CRSP (cofactor required for SP1 activation) complex, which, alongside TFIID, is essential for efficient activation by SP1. It is also a part of other multisubunit complexes, such as thyroid hormone receptor-(TR-) associated proteins, that interact with TR and facilitate its function on DNA templates in conjunction with initiation factors and cofactors. MED14 contains a bipartite nuclear localization signal. Importantly, this gene is known to escape chromosome X-inactivation. MED14 has been shown to interact with various proteins including PPARGC1A, Estrogen receptor alpha, STAT2, Cyclin-dependent kinase 8, Glucocorticoid receptor, and Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha.
MED14 is a component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator essential for the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator acts as a bridge, relaying information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the core RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins, facilitating the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors.
MED14 is also known as CRSP150, CRSP2, CSRP, CXorf4, DRIP150, EXLM1, RGR1, TRAP170.
Associated Diseases
- mixed phenotype acute leukemia
- cancer
- childhood leukemia
- migraine disorder
- Alzheimer disease
- X-linked cone-rod dystrophy
