NFKBIE
Description
The NFKBIE (NFKB inhibitor epsilon) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 6.
NFKBIE, also known as NFKBIE, is a protein that plays a role in regulating NF-κB activity. It is produced in greater amounts following NF-κB activation and during the development of certain immune cells (myelopoiesis). NFKBIE functions by physically retaining NF-κB in the cytoplasm, preventing it from entering the nucleus and activating gene expression. This inhibition is achieved through the interaction of NFKBIE with NF-κB subunits such as REL, RELA, and RELB. The NF-κB complex itself is comprised of various proteins like NFKB1 or NFKB2, which associate with REL, RELA, or RELB. The activity of NF-κB is normally controlled by other proteins called I-kappa-B proteins (like NFKBIA or NFKBIB), which bind to NF-κB and hold it in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of these I-kappa-B proteins by kinases (IKBKA, or IKBKB) triggers their breakdown, allowing NF-κB to become active and move to the nucleus. Once in the nucleus, the activated NF-κB binds to specific DNA sequences called kappa-B-binding motifs, which are required to initiate gene expression. This activation can also involve interactions with other transcription factors, such as STAT (e.g., STAT6), AP-1 (JUN), and NFAT (e.g., NFATC1).
NFKBIE inhibits NF-κB by binding to and retaining it in the cytoplasm, preventing its translocation to the nucleus and subsequent DNA binding. Specifically, it blocks the DNA-binding activity of the NF-κB p50-p65 and p50-c-Rel complexes.
NFKBIE is also known as IKBE.
