DHX33
Description
The DHX33 (DEAH-box helicase 33) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 17.
DHX33 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase involved in a variety of cellular processes, including nucleolar organization, ribosome biogenesis, protein synthesis, and cytoplasmic dsRNA sensing.
DHX33 plays a role in nucleolar organization, ribosome biogenesis, and protein synthesis. It stimulates RNA polymerase I transcription of the 47S precursor rRNA and is involved in the recruitment of POLR1A to ribosomal DNA loci. In the cytoplasm, DHX33 promotes the assembly of elongation-competent 80S ribosomes during mRNA translation initiation. Additionally, DHX33 acts as a sensor of cytoplasmic dsRNA, triggering the formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages and the production of type I interferon in myeloid dendritic cells. It is essential for NLRP3 activation induced by viral dsRNA and bacterial RNA. In dendritic cells, DHX33 is required for the induction of type I interferon production via activation of MAPK and NF-kappa-B signaling pathways.
DHX33 is also known as DDX33.
