DPH3
Description
The DPH3 (diphthamide biosynthesis 3) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 3.
DPH3 is essential for the initial step in diphthamide biosynthesis, a modification of histidine within elongation factor 2. This process involves DPH1 and DPH2 transferring a 3-amino-3-carboxypropyl (ACP) group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to a histidine residue. DPH3, alongside a NADH-dependent reductase, facilitates this reaction by acting as an electron donor to reduce the Fe-S cluster in DPH1-DPH2, maintaining the [4Fe-4S] clusters in their active and reduced state. It also restores iron to DPH1-DPH2 iron-sulfur clusters that have degraded from [4Fe-4S] to [3Fe-4S] by donating an iron atom to reform [4Fe-4S] clusters, a process that requires the presence of elongation factor 2 and SAM. DPH3 associates with the elongator complex, which is crucial for tRNA Wobble base modifications, including mcm5U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl uridine), mcm5s2U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine), and ncm5U (5-carbamoylmethyl uridine).
DPH3 is also known as DELGIP, DELGIP1, DESR1, DPH3A, KTI11, ZCSL2.
Associated Diseases
- skin basal cell carcinoma
- cancer
- pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
- Alzheimer disease
- skin squamous cell carcinoma
