FCN1
Description
The FCN1 (ficolin 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 9.
The FCN1 gene encodes Ficolin-1, also known as M-ficolin, which is a protein predominantly found in peripheral blood leukocytes. It belongs to the ficolin family, characterized by a collagen-like domain and a fibrinogen-like domain, which contribute to its binding properties. FCN1 specifically recognizes acetylated compounds. Its primary function is believed to be a plasma protein with elastin-binding activity. Variations in the FCN1 gene have been linked to differences in M-ficolin serum levels and ligand-binding capabilities. Importantly, M-ficolin levels are associated with disease activity and remission in early rheumatoid arthritis.
FCN1 encodes a protein that acts as a pattern-recognition receptor in the innate immune system. It binds to sugar molecules on microbes, known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), triggering the lectin pathway of the complement system. Additionally, FCN1 can activate monocytes through the G protein-coupled receptor FFAR2, leading to the release of interleukin-8 (IL-8). FCN1 exhibits a preference for binding to 9-O-acetylated 2-6-linked sialic acid derivatives and various glycans containing sialic acid in a 2-3 linkage.
FCN1 is also known as FCNM.
Associated Diseases
- recurrent Neisseria infections due to factor D deficiency
- immunodeficiency 28
- varicella, severe recurrent
- candidiasis, familial, 4
- type II complement component 8 deficiency
