GAL3ST1
Description
The GAL3ST1 (galactose-3-O-sulfotransferase 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 22.
GAL3ST1 is a gene that encodes the enzyme galactosylceramide sulfotransferase. This enzyme is involved in the sulfonation process, a crucial step in the metabolism of various substances, including drugs, xenobiotics, hormones, and neurotransmitters. GAL3ST1 catalyzes the conversion of 3'-phosphoadenylylsulfate and a galactosylceramide into adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate and galactosylceramide sulfate. Interestingly, the activity of this sulfotransferase is elevated in renal cell carcinoma.
GAL3ST1, also known as Galactosylceramide sulfotransferase, plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of sulfoglycolipids by transferring a sulfate group to the 3rd position of non-reducing beta-galactosyl residues within glycerolipids and sphingolipids. This process leads to the synthesis of essential lipids like galactosylceramide sulfate (sulfatide), a major component of the myelin sheath, and monogalactosylalkylacylglycerol sulfate (seminolipid), found in spermatocytes. GAL3ST1 exhibits a preference for beta-glycosides at the non-reducing termini of sugar chains linked to lipids. Additionally, it has been shown to act on lactosylceramide, galactosyl 1-alkyl-2-sn-glycerol, and galactosyl diacylglycerol in vitro.
GAL3ST1 is also known as CST.
Associated Diseases
- X-linked intellectual disability-psychosis-macroorchidism syndrome
- spinocerebellar ataxia type 32
- partial chromosome Y deletion
- ring chromosome Y
- spermatogenic failure 25
- classic galactosemia
- isochromosomy Yp
- spermatogenic failures 50
