GRSF1
Description
The GRSF1 (G-rich RNA sequence binding factor 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 4.
GRSF1 is a regulator of post-transcriptional mitochondrial gene expression, playing a crucial role in the assembly of the mitochondrial ribosome and the recruitment of mRNA and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). It specifically binds RNAs containing a 14-base G-rich element, particularly those transcribed from three contiguous genes on the light strand of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): the ND6 mRNA, and the lncRNAs for MT-CYB and MT-ND5. These target RNAs each contain multiple consensus binding sequences for GRSF1. GRSF1 is also involved in the degradation of non-coding mitochondrial transcripts (MT-ncRNA) and tRNA-like molecules through the degradosome. This degradation is facilitated by GRSF1‘s ability to unwind G-quadruplex RNA structures found within MT-ncRNA. These G-quadruplexes are non-canonical four-stranded structures formed by transcripts from the light strand of mtDNA.
Associated Diseases
- type 2 diabetes mellitus
- transient myeloproliferative syndrome
- pulmonary fibrosis and/or bone marrow failure syndrome, telomere-related, 9
- reticular dysgenesis
- cancer
