RGS19
Description
The RGS19 (regulator of G protein signaling 19) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 20.
RGS19, encoded by the RGS19 gene, is a protein involved in regulating cellular processes mediated by G proteins. It belongs to the RGS family and specifically interacts with G protein, GAI3. RGS19 functions as a guanosine triphosphatase-activating protein, down-regulating Galpha i/Galpha q-linked signaling. It has been shown to interact with GNAO1, GIPC1, OSTM1, GNAI1, GNAI3, and GNAZ.
RGS19 inhibits signal transduction by accelerating the GTPase activity of G protein alpha subunits, thereby transitioning them into their inactive GDP-bound form. It preferentially binds to members of the G-alpha subfamily 1, exhibiting a binding affinity order of G(i)a3 > G(i)a1 > G(o)a >> G(z)a/G(i)a2. The activity of RGS19 on G(z)-alpha is suppressed by phosphorylation and palmitoylation modifications of the G-protein.
RGS19 is also known as GAIP, RGSGAIP.
