USP12
Description
The USP12 (ubiquitin specific peptidase 12) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 13.
USP12, also known as ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 12, is a deubiquitinating enzyme with diverse roles in immune regulation and inflammation. It interacts with WDR48 to act as a tumor suppressor by stabilizing PHLPP1. Upon TCR activation, USP12 translocates to the cytoplasm and deubiquitinates LAT and TRAT1, stabilizing the TCR signaling complex. It is essential for selective LPS-induced macrophage response via NF-ΞΊB activation, and promotes antiviral immunity by targeting IFI16 to inhibit proteasomal degradation. USP12 also participates in interferon signaling by inhibiting STAT1 acetylation, independent of its deubiquitinase activity. Further, it promotes CD4+ T-cell differentiation and activation through NF-ΞΊB signaling by stabilizing BCL10, and activates NF-ΞΊB in myeloid-derived suppressor cells by stabilizing RELA. USP12 modulates mitochondrial apoptosis by regulating Lys-63-linked polyubiquitin chains of BAX. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9D9M2, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19075014, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24145035, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26811477, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27373336, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28063927, ECO:0000269|PubMed:31899788, ECO:0000269|PubMed:36361894, ECO:0000269|PubMed:37410794}
USP12 is also known as UBH1, USP12L1.
